  {"id":3493,"date":"2025-07-10T15:52:53","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T14:52:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought-research-overview/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//"},"modified":"2026-05-08T13:32:17","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T12:32:17","slug":"groundwater-drought","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//","title":{"rendered":"Drought"},"content":{"rendered":"/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<section class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hero-section hero-section-with-social/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hero-info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hero-info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h1>Groundwater drought</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h1>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"social-wrap social-wrap-inline-them/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"sea-background-f/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<span>Share this article</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span><a target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  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class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hidden/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Pinterest</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a><a target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wa.me?text=https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"icon-whatsapp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hidden/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">WhatsApp</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a><a   href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"mailto:?subject=Drought&#038;body=Understanding%20how%20groundwater%20droughts%20occur%20and%20their%20effects%20on%20people%20and%20the%20environment.%20(https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//)/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"icon-mail/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hidden/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Email</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"#/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-copy=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"copy-url-on-click/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"icon-link/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><span class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"hidden/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Copy Link</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<section class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Groundwater provides water even during periods of lower than average rainfall, when surface waters dry up. However, this resilient resource can still fail if rainfall is reduced over a long period. BGS is working to better understand how groundwater droughts occur and the effects they have on people and the environment.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Groundwater drought can have significant negative social and economic impacts on communities that are particularly reliant on groundwater.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<figure  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"img-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P584699.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"A dry stream bed/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P584699.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//><figcaption class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption sm-line/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption-icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//info-caption.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"Information icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption-text/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><p>Dry stream bed of River Till, Berwick St James, Wiltshire, in 2004. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u00a9 UKRI.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//figcaption></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//figure>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">What is a groundwater drought?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Groundwater drought is the sustained and extensive occurrence of below average availability of groundwater.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Aquifers in the UK are usually replenished with water during the winter months, so groundwater droughts may develop if there is reduced rainfall over one or successive winters. Groundwater drought can be exacerbated by high demand for water during unusually hot or particularly dry summers.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Groundwater droughts are marked by lower than average water levels in aquifers, borehole and wells, and by reduced flows to groundwater-fed rivers and wetlands.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Why is groundwater important during surface water droughts?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Groundwater is an important part of the UK&#8217;s water supply. It is generally more resilient to drought than surface water due to the relatively slow response of groundwater to changes in rainfall.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>At times of surface-water drought, groundwater becomes a critical national resource. As well as providing domestic, agricultural and industrial water supplies, groundwater supports ecologically important flows in many of our rivers during episodes of drought.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">BGS drought research</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>We have been researching groundwater drought in the UK and internationally for many year.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>The&nbsp;<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//water-resources/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//european-groundwater-drought-initiative/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">European Groundwater Drought Initiative</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>&nbsp;(GDI) was a collaborative project that assessed and modelled groundwater-drought status across Europe, investigated the impacts of groundwater drought, and built a community to grow our understanding of the phenomenon of groundwater drought.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>BGS and the&nbsp;<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"http:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.ceh.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>&nbsp;(UKCEH) produce a monthly assessment of groundwater resources in the UK. We advise environmental regulators and government departments on groundwater resources during drought episodes.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<figure  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"img-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P802060.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-toggle=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lightbox/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-footer=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"&lt;p&gt;Neuadd Reservoir north of Merthyr Tydfil during the 1976 drought. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u00a9 UKRI.&lt;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p&gt;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-gallery=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"gallery_60750/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P802060.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"P802060/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P802060.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a><figcaption class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption sm-line/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption-icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//info-caption.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"Information icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"caption-text/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><p>Neuadd Reservoir north of Merthyr Tydfil during the 1976 drought. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u00a9 UKRI.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"expand-box expand-box-top/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//P802060.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" ><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//expand.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"Expand icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//figcaption></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//figure>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Understanding UK groundwater droughts</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>The UK has experienced several groundwater droughts over recent decades; BGS hydrogeologists have investigated some of these to better understand how future groundwater droughts may develop. </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>We are also undertaking a systematic analysis of groundwater droughts in the UK for the whole of the 20th century. The aim of this work is to improve how groundwater droughts are monitored and predicted in the future by investigating the relationship between the length of droughts and the area affected by droughts.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>In addition to these drought assessments, BGS produces <a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//geology-projects/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//environmental-modelling/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-level-forecasting/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">groundwater level forecasts</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>&nbsp;for the UK&#8217;s principal aquifers, with these forecasts feeding into a number of services that build national resilience to groundwater&nbsp;extremes, including monthly <a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//hydoutuk.net/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">hydrological outlooks</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Reports describing groundwater droughts can also be found at the <a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"http:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nhmp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">National Hydrological Monitoring Programme</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">UK and European Drought Assessments</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>BGS and UKCEH staff have produced assessments of the following droughts:</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<ul class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-list/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"http:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//15011/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">1975 to 1976</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//6953/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">1984</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//6952/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">1988 to 1992</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//510184/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2003</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//510185/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2004 to 2006</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//503643/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2010 to 2012</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//517204/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2015 to 2016</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><span style=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"color: initial;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2018 to 2019 in </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//530554/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">the UK</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a><span style=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"color: initial;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">&nbsp;and </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//span><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//531218/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Europe</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//537057/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">2022</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>&nbsp;(and an <a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//537895/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" rel=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"noreferrer noopener/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">update on drought preparedness</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>&nbsp;in Europe)</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//ul>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Groundwater droughts in Africa</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>BGS researchers have worked extensively to understand how&nbsp;groundwater droughts in Africa&nbsp;affect the livelihoods of people who depend on groundwater. In particular, our work has highlighted the importance of the links between availability, access and demand for groundwater during droughts.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p>Our investigations of how groundwater droughts end and how groundwater flows to rivers are re-established at the end of drought episodes will assist future predictions of drought duration and effects.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<ul class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"wp-block-list/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//527191/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Comparative performance of rural water supplies during drought</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//524059/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Groundwater and resilience to drought in the Ethiopian Highlands</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<li><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//nora.nerc.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//id/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//eprint/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//10064/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Ground water security and drought in Africa : linking availability, access and demand</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//ul>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<section id=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"in-this-section-6371-block_56b6083fe23e5a56adce739ed2752c73/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"grid-section  sea-background-e   /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" >/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"row header-of-section/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>Our research</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"row grid-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-md-6 col-lg-4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"cards-over-img cards  cards-find-more /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"media-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//european-groundwater-drought-initiative/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//11/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//Mud_cracks_and_rain_drops_19182743783-1.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur wp-post-image/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"Mud_cracks_and_rain_drops_(19182743783)/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//11/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//Mud_cracks_and_rain_drops_19182743783-1.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//european-groundwater-drought-initiative/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">European Groundwater Drought Initiative</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<p>Assessing, investigating and understanding groundwater drought across Europe.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//flooding-and-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//european-groundwater-drought-initiative/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">More Information</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-md-6 col-lg-4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"cards-over-img cards  cards-find-more /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"media-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwaters-role-in-the-current-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//?trk=public_post_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-article-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//1-Hampsted-Norreys-Dry-R-Pang-Aug-11-2022-scaled-1.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"1-Hampsted-Norreys-Dry-R-Pang-Aug-11-2022-scaled/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//1-Hampsted-Norreys-Dry-R-Pang-Aug-11-2022-scaled-1.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwaters-role-in-the-current-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//?trk=public_post_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-article-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/tGroundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u2019s role in the current drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<p><p>Groundwater can play a vital part in keeping the UK/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u2019s water supply flowing, but we need to ensure that we monitor levels and rates of extraction during dry spells.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwaters-role-in-the-current-drought/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//?trk=public_post_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-article-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" >More information</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-md-6 col-lg-4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"cards-over-img cards  cards-find-more /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"media-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//new-groundwater-maps-reveal-interesting-patterns-about-africas-water-security/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//afrcia-landscape.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"africa-landscape/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//afrcia-landscape.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//new-groundwater-maps-reveal-interesting-patterns-about-africas-water-security/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/tNew groundwater maps reveal interesting patterns about Africa/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/u2019s water security/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<p><p>Reserves of groundwater in much of the populated parts of Africa are being replenished at rates that could help to protect communities against the damaging effects of climate change and sustain widespread groundwater pumping for drinking water.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//new-groundwater-maps-reveal-interesting-patterns-about-africas-water-security/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" >More information</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-md-6 col-lg-4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"cards-over-img cards  cards-find-more /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"media-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//warnings-for-scottish-farmers-and-distillers-as-new-data-indicates-climate-change-may-double-number-of-droughts/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//scottish-river-in-low-flow.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"scottish-river-in-low-flow/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//scottish-river-in-low-flow.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//warnings-for-scottish-farmers-and-distillers-as-new-data-indicates-climate-change-may-double-number-of-droughts/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/tWarnings for Scottish farmers and distillers as new data indicates climate change may double number of droughts/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<p><p>The agricultural and distilling sectors could face significant challenges after research finds the number of droughts in Scotland may double in the next 25 years.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//warnings-for-scottish-farmers-and-distillers-as-new-data-indicates-climate-change-may-double-number-of-droughts/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" >More 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href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//experts-reveal-what-it-takes-to-ensure-climate-resilient-water-supply-in-east-africa/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//Ethiopia_accessing_groundwater.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"Ethiopia_accessing_groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//05/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//Ethiopia_accessing_groundwater.jpg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a  href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//experts-reveal-what-it-takes-to-ensure-climate-resilient-water-supply-in-east-africa/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/tExperts reveal what it takes to ensure climate-resilient water supply in East Africa/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<p><p>Ensuring continuous access to groundwater via multiple water sources and technologies supported by on-going monitoring and external support will make drought-prone communities in east Africa better equipped to cope with climate change.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//news/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//experts-reveal-what-it-takes-to-ensure-climate-resilient-water-supply-in-east-africa/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/" >More 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class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"cta-section  sea-background-e /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"row md-row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<h2>Need more information?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"btn-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//people/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//macdonald-alan/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/"button primary-background   /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/">Contact Alan MacDonald</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n<p></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding how groundwater droughts occur and their effects on people and the environment.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3493/n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3534,"parent":6372,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"1","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3493","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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