{"id":5157,"date":"2025-09-24T14:42:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T13:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//?page_id=5157"},"modified":"2026-03-31T12:34:14","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T11:34:14","slug":"environmental-tracers-and-groundwater-dating","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//quality/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//environmental-tracers-and-groundwater-dating/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//","title":{"rendered":"Environmental tracers and groundwater dating"},"content":{"rendered":"/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<section class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"hero-section hero-section-with-social/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"hero-info-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"hero-info/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<h1>Environmental tracers and groundwater dating</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//h1>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"social-wrap social-wrap-inline-them/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"sea-background-f/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<span>Share this article</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//span><a target=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"_blank/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"  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class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"hidden/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">Copy Link</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//span></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<section class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<p>BGS is the UK&#8217;s leading organisation for groundwater dating and tracing. We use a wide range of environmental agents for this work including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF<sub>6</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sub>), tritium (<sup>3</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sup>H), radiocarbon (<sup>14</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sup>C) and stable isotopes. We also frequently use stable isotopes of water for understanding sources of groundwater recharge and recharge processes such as surface/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater interactions in catchments.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<figure  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"img-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//09/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//P641030.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" data-toggle=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"lightbox/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" data-footer=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"&lt;p&gt;Groundwater sampling in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, where CFCs and SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sub&gt; have been used by BGS to determine water movement beneath the city. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/u00a9 UKRI.&lt;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p&gt;/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" data-gallery=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"gallery_47015/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//09/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//P641030.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"A man in a white hat and dark green top is kneeling by a large water pump, taking measurement, There are snowy mountains in the background./groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//09/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//P641030.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//a><figcaption class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption-icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//info-caption.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"Information icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption-text/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><p>Groundwater sampling in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, where CFCs and SF<sub>6</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sub> have been used by BGS to determine water movement beneath the city. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/u00a9 UKRI.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"expand-box expand-box-top/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2025/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//09/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//P641030.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" ><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//expand.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"Expand icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//figcaption></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//figure>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<p>Some of our work includes:</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<ul class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"wp-block-list/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>characterising the isotopic fingerprint of phosphorus in drinking water</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>investigating residence-time distribution in Chalk catchments</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>using age indicators to aid water supply operational planning</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>assessing the extent of induced leakage to urban aquifers</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>identifying basin-scale groundwater quality trends</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>determining the fate of nitrogen in moorland catchments</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>evaluating the effects of large-scale quarrying on groundwater movement</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>delineating the occurrence of pristine ice-age groundwaters in the UK</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//ul>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">Why is the age of groundwater important?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<p>There are various reasons why it can be important to know the age of groundwater in a particular aquifer. For example: </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<ul class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"wp-block-list/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>does age validate the hydrogeological concept? </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>is the water a mixture of different ages? </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>is the water sustainable or being &#8216;mined&#8217;? </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>did the water recharge in pre-industrial times? </groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<li>was the water recharged during the ice age, that is, under different climatic conditions?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//li>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//ul>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<h2 class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"wp-block-heading/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">Which constituents can be used to date groundwater?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<figure  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"img-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//03/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater-tracers.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"lazy-blur/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"groundwater-tracers/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" data-src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//uploads/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//sites/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//4/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//2026/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//03/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater-tracers.webp/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//><figcaption class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption sm-line/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption-icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<img decoding=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"async/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" src=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//groundwater/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//wp-content/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//themes/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//bgs/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//img/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//info-caption.svg/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/" alt=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"Information icon/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"caption-text/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><p>Methods that can be used to cover a range of ages in groundwaters. BGS /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/u00a9 UKRI</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//figcaption></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//figure>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<p>Some tracers, such as CFCs and SF6, are introduced to groundwater as a result of human inputs to the environment and are best suited to dating &#8216;younger&#8217; groundwaters with mean ages of typically less than 100 years. Tracers such as tritium (3H), produced from naturally and from anthropogenic sources, and 3He produced primarily due to the decay of 3H, can be used in combination (3H/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//3He) to date groundwaters &lt;50 years old.&nbsp; Other groundwater dating tracers, for example 39Ar, 14C and 4He, are produced naturally in the environment and are suitable for dating waters that are several hundred to many thousands of years old. In some cases, anthropogenic tracers can also be used in combination with other environmental tracers, such as water isotopes (d18 or&nbsp;d2H) or radiocarbon (14C-DIC) to trace groundwater flow-paths, different sources, assess which groundwater flow model can be used for age determination and to understand the different age components of groundwater pumped from wells for supply.&nbsp;</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n<section class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"cta-section  sea-background-e /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"container/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"row md-row/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"col-12/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<h2>Need more information?</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//h2>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t<div class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"btn-wrap/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"><a href=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"https:/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//www.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//people/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//lapworth-daniel/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157///groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"  class=/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/"button primary-background   /groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/">Contact Dan Lapworth</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//a></groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//div>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//section>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dating groundwater by using various chemicals, including CFCs and tritium.</groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157//p>/groundwater/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5157/n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5159,"parent":55,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"1","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5157","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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